Alphaville
1965 Science-Fiction Thriller    
 
Credits
  • Director: Jean-Luc Godard
  • Script: Jean-Luc Godard, based on the novel "La Capitale de la douleur" by Paul Éluard
  • Photo: Raoul Coutard
  • Music: Paul Misraki
  • Cast: Eddie Constantine (Lemmy Caution), Anna Karina (Natacha Von Braun), Akim Tamiroff (Henry Dickson), Howard Vernon (Professor von Braun)
  • Country: France
  • Language: French
  • Runtime: 100 min; B&W
  • Aka: Alphaville, une étrange aventure de Lemmy Caution
 
 
 
Summary
Private investigator Lemmy Caution arrives in the strange town of Alphaville in search of Professor von Braun.  The detective soon discovers that he has entered a bizarre world, totally alien to his own, where love has been abolished and emotion is punishable by death.  At the heart of this seemingly totalitarian state is a computer developed by von Braun, Alpha-60, which seems to control the thoughts and actions of everyone in the metropolis.  With the assistance of von Braun’s daughter, Natasha, Mr Caution gains access to Alpha-60’s headquarters, only to discover that von Braun has decided that the time has arrived to declare war on the world outside Alphaville.



Review
If there had to be just one word to sum up Alphaville¸that word would have to be weird.  It is a film that constantly challenges our preconceptions, our expectations, and, as a result, manages to be both deeply disturbing and very funny at the same time.

The film begins as what appears to be a pastiche of the American detective movie of the 1950s, but then suddenly takes a dive into the Twilight Zone.  What follows is a perplexing 100 minutes of cinema that manages to be classic film noir, imaginative science-fiction, an action-packed and suspenseful thriller and - most surprisingly of all - a very entertaining black comedy, in the mould of Dr Strangeglove.   By trying to blend so many contrasting elements, the result could have easily been a disaster.  That the films succeeds, and succeeds admirably, is down largely to two factors.

Firstly, Eddy Constantine plays the part of Lemmy Caution throughout with total conviction, seemingly oblivious to the fact that he is acting out a complete parody (and a very funny one) of a character he had made his own in the preceding decade.  In the 1950s, Constantine played the hard-nosed detective in a series of French films of the traditional American detective genre.  It would have been very easy for a lesser actor to ham the part up or downplay the character, but Constantine does neither, and the result is utterly brilliant.

We have a familiar character transposed from a familiar milieu into a parallel universe, where everything appears to be superficially familiar but then is shown to be a distortion of what we see in our own world - a kind of Humphrey Bogart through the Looking Glass .  Over and over again, we are surprised at how easily we are tripped up and misled by our own preconceptions.  This would not have been possible without a strong central character who is firmly anchored in our world - and Eddy Constantine serves this purpose brilliantly.  The fact that he works so well with his co-star, the superb and very stylish Anna  Karina, is a bonus.

Secondly, but most significantly, Alphaville’s creator, Godard, appears to be at the height of his powers as a director.  He shows complete mastery of the revolutionary cinematographic techniques which he thrust onto an unsuspecting world in the early years of the New Wave (the late 1950s).  Far more accessible than some of Godard’s contemporary films (such as La Chinoise and  Weekend), the style is nonetheless distinctive and fresh, somehow giving the film an extra dimension that constantly surprises and entertains.

Godard is also responsible for the script, an adaptation of a novel by Peter Cheyney, where he manages, quite cleverly, to draw parallels between the futuristic soulless society of Alphaville and contemporary France.  (There are more than a few direct statements to suggest that Godard regards his own country as Alphaville - for example the clever HLM joke.  Godard's France looks like ending up as an isolationist state, seeming to have imperialistic ambitions, with its language under strict state control - not an uncommon outside view of the country in the latter years of the 20th century, with more than a grain of truth.)

Popular concerns about the impact of computer technology on society at the time are also exploited by Godard, who suggests that widespread dehumanisation and total state control will be the outcome.  Not a very original observation, but the genius lies in Godard's exploration of the idea rather than the idea itself.  Nowadays, it is disturbingly easy to draw parallels between Alphaville and the ever-expanding Bill Gates empire.

Technically, the film appears to succeed at every level.  Script, direction, sets, photography - all are superbly crafted and brought together to create a world as real as our own, yet totally alien.   Paul Misraki’s enigmatic background music adds to the eerie other-wordly atmosphere of the ensemble.

Overall, an amazing film that never ceases to surprise and shock.  Some many find the end product a little uncomfortable or too off-the-wall, but it is nonetheless a watchable and satisfying piece of cinema.

A dark and very frightening thriller, a comic pastiche of detective films, a moving love story, a sci-fi movie with a power-mad (and asthmatic) computer… how Godard managed to pull this one off is probably one of the great mysteries of cinema history.

© James Travers 2002

For more on Jean-Luc Godard see:
The life of Jean-Luc Godard
Best of the French New Wave
A bout de souffle
Vivre sa vie
Masculin, féminin
Le Mépris
Pierrot le fou
Eloge de l'amour

For more on Lemmy Caution see:
La Môme vert-de-gris
Les Femmes s'en balancent

Buy films by Jean-Luc Godard
Buy films starring Jean-Paul Belmondo
More about the French New Wave
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